Simon Magus An Essay on the Founder of Simonianism Based on the Ancient Sources With a Re-Evaluation of His Philosophy and Teachings

Simon Magus emerges from early Christian and patristic writings as a complex and controversial figure—a magician, self-proclaimed divine power, and founder of Simonianism. This book gathers and critically examines ancient sources, including New Testament passages, patristic critiques, and apocryphal legends, to reconstruct Simon's life, philosophy, and the movement he inspired.

Simon is depicted as a Samaritan sorcerer who claimed to be a god manifesting as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit in different nations. He associated closely with a woman named Helen, portrayed as a redeemed divine Thought or soul trapped in materiality. Simon's followers practiced magic, immorality, and worshipped statues of Simon and Helen, reflecting a cultic devotion that alarmed orthodox Christians.

The book details Simon's allegorical reinterpretations of scripture and myth, such as viewing the Garden of Eden as the womb and biblical narratives as symbolic of cosmic processes. Central to his teaching is a theosophical system involving a Boundless Power or Universal Principle symbolized by Fire, from which emanate six Roots or Powers and a seventh supreme Power. This cosmology includes a hierarchy of Aeons and a threefold cosmic structure—Divine World, Middle Distance, and Material World—mirroring microcosm and macrocosm.

Simon's soteriology emphasizes spiritual rebirth, union of the human and spiritual soul, and liberation through gnosis (knowledge). His followers' practices and teachings often conflicted with orthodox morality, promoting licentiousness under the guise of 'perfect love' and employing magical rites and incantations.

The text carefully distinguishes between historical facts and legendary embellishments, noting contradictions and biases in sources. It reviews Simonian literature fragments, including lost works and controversial arguments against the creator God, preserved in later manuscripts. The author re-evaluates Simon's philosophy, recognizing its parallels with ancient mystical traditions such as the Chaldaean Oracles, Kabalah, and Hindu scriptures.

Throughout, the tone balances scholarly caution with a sympathetic openness to Simon's symbolic and philosophical depth, inviting readers to question orthodox narratives and appreciate the complexity of early Christian heresies and mystical thought. The book also highlights the enduring tension between appearance and reality, orthodox authority and heretical innovation, and the human quest for divine knowledge.